社會學共同備課平台

 Social Capital 社會資本（Social Capital）是資本的一種形式，是指為實現工具性或情感性的目的，透過社會網絡來動員的資源或能力的總和。 通過研究人際間的關係結構、位置、強度等，可以對社會現象提供更好的解釋。 Social capital is defined by the OECD as “networks together with shared norms, values and understandings that facilitate co-operation within or among groups”. Varieties of social capital… There’s much debate over the various forms that social capital takes, but one fairly straightforward approach divides it into three main categories: Bonds: Links to people based on a sense of common identity (“people like us”) – such as family, close friends and people who share our culture or ethnicity. Bridges: Links that stretch beyond a shared sense of identity, for example to distant friends, colleagues and associates. Linkages: Links to people or groups further up or lower down the social ladder. Mediators: also known as mechanisms or pathways; the factors that help explain how social isolation or loneliness affects health outcomes. Moderators: the factors that can influence t...

 【期初作業---描述一類個案具有社會層面健康議題及其意義：需引用文獻數據以呈現社會層面健康議題，並說明社會層面健康之特質，如何測量等。助教協助說明/示範--如 COVID-19隔離對那些人之社會層面健康影響較大/程度如何?如何測量。】 【期中作業---描述一種評估[社會層面健康]或[社會因素]之評估工具與最佳適用對象：需引用原始文獻以說明該工具之發展目的與流程等，需呈現工具內容中英文皆可，可使用 Google translation, 請註明之。助教協助說明/示範】 【期末作業--彙整說明一種社會因子如何影響(社會)健康(包含如何評量)，並提出可能解決方式(文獻或自己的構想)。助教協助說明/示範】

 　　Downshifting！日本及台灣的最新社會現象：下流化！你是否還以為自己是社會的中產階級及中堅份子？其實，如果你符合以下的條件，你可能就是本書所指的「下流階級」！ 本書深入探討此一全球的最新社會現象：中產階級逐漸消失，取而代之的是沒有生活目標、缺乏積極性的新社會階層－下流階級！ 你是「下流社會」的一份子嗎？ 　　首先，先來測試你的下流程度。接下來的12個問題當中，如果有一半回答為「是」的話，那你就是屬於「下流」階層。 1. 時常整天待在家上網、打電動玩具 2. 只想輕鬆的過每一天 3. 能每天過著像自己的生活是最好的 4. 隨心所欲，只做自己喜歡做的事 5. 凡事嫌麻煩，個性散漫，喜歡悶在家裡 6. 喜歡一個人獨處 7. 覺得自己個性樸實、不起眼 8. 認為流行就是展現自我風格 9. 有時覺得，吃東西是一件麻煩的事 10. 常常吃零食和速食 11. 年收入尚未達到實際年齡的10倍（以1萬日圓為計算單位） 12. 未婚（男性33歲以上、女性30歲以上） 以上資訊取自 https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010335635 這與社會階層如何影響健康相關 【與生俱來的社會階級】南韓篇：我們不只有「金銀湯匙」的說法，還有最悲慘的「屎湯匙」 富二代的故事《繼承者們》

 Phobia, Social Anxiety disorder characterized by the persistent and irrational fear, anxiety, or avoidance of social or performance situations. Social Behavior Disorders Behaviors which are at variance with the expected social norm and which affect other individuals. Reactive Attachment Disorder Markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate social relatedness that begins before age 5 and is associated with grossly pathological child care. The child may persistently fail to initiate and respond to social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way (inhibited type) or there may be a pattern of diffuse attachments with nondiscriminate sociability (disinhibited type). (From DSM-V) Asperger Syndrome A disorder beginning in childhood whose essential features are persistent impairment in reciprocal social communication and social interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. These symptoms may limit or impair everyday functioning. (F...

Social Determinants: 1. Snyder-Mackler, N., et al., Social determinants of health and survival in humans and other animals . Science, 2020. 368(6493). 2. Synovec, C.E. and L. Aceituno, Social justice considerations for occupational therapy : The role of addressing social determinants of health in unstably housed populations. Work, 2020. 65(2): p. 235-246. Social Prescribing: 3. Drinkwater, C., J. Wildman, and S. Moffatt, Social prescribing. BMJ, 2019. 364: p. l1285. 4. Jani, A., et al., Investing resources to address social factors affecting health: the essential role of social prescribing. J R Soc Med, 2020. 113(1): p. 24-27. Social Capital: 5. Agampodi, T.C., et al., Measurement of social capital in relation to health in low and middle income countries (LMIC): a systematic review. Soc Sci Med, 2015. 128: p. 95-104. 6. Ehsan, A., et al., Social capital and health: A systematic review of systematic reviews. SSM Popul Health, 2019. 8: p. 100425. 7.  Loneliness Annual Report January ...

重要參考文獻：https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/beyond-health-care-the-role-of-social-determinants-in-promoting-health-and-health-equity/